Diaper Rash
Diaper Rash
Definition
Diaper rash is an inflammation of the skin within the area usually covered by the diaper.



Diaper rash can be caused by contact to things that irritate the skin such as urine, stool, or chemicals.  It can also be due to infections caused by bacteria, yeast, or viruses.  Underlying skin disorders can also cause diaper rash.



Irritability and itching of the diaper area are sometimes present.  Redness is noted on the buttocks, genitalia, and lower abdomen.  Diaper rash caused by ammonia in urine produces raised, fluid-filled lesions which leave ulcer-like craters.  Rash caused by yeast produces wide-spread redness that may be moist and will have pus-filled lesions outside the margin of redness.  When a yeast diaper rash is present, a yeast infection in the mouth called thrush is often present at the same time.



If improperly treated, diaper rash can become infected with bacteria.  It can also spread to other areas of the abdomen and thighs.



       Keep the diaper area clean and dry.
       Use plain water or non-perfumed, mild soap.
       Allow air to circulate under the diaper.  Do not use plastic pants.
       Expose the diaper area to air at least 15 minutes 4 times daily.
       Set the child in vinegar solution for 1 minute.  One tablespoon of            white vinegar per one gallon of water is the appropriate dilution.
       Avoid the use of commercial diaper wipes which are often                      perfumed and irritating.
       Avoid the use of cornstarch.
       Avoid the use of powders due to the dangers of inhalation.
       If using cloth diapers, soak them in Diaper Sweet or Borateem              after rinsing, but wash dirty diapers at least every 2-3 days.  Rinse          diapers well to remove soap.  If ammonia smell is detected in                  diapers, try rinsing in a vinegar rinse (1/2 cup of white vinegar in              washing machine during the rinse cycle).
       Do not use fabric softener.
       Increase fluids to dilute the urine..
       Avoid excessive milk.
       For mild to moderate diaper rash, apply Vaseline, A & D                      Ointment, Zinc Oxide, Desitin, Daily Care, or other                                over-the-counter preparation after each diaper change.  The                  diaper area should be cleansed of ointment and fresh ointment                re-applied at each diaper change.



       Check the child frequently for wet or soiled diapers.  This is                    especially important when using disposable diapers or plastic                  pants.
       Wash your hands thoroughly before handling the baby or anything          that will be used on the baby.  Wash your hands again after                    changing diapers.



       If there is moderate to severe redness with weeping, the baby                should be evaluated and treated by a health care professional.
       If the diaper rash fails to respond to treatment within one week, the        baby should be taken to a health care professional.
       If the rash is accompanied by thrush, or if it has the characteristics          of a yeast rash with lesions outside the area of redness, the baby            should be taken to a health care professional.
Causes
Symptoms
Complications
Treatment
Prevention
When to seek professional help
Diaper rash due to irritation from urine
Yeast diaper rash.  Note the lesions outside the margins of redness.
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